Power tool manufacturers have made great strides in their routers in recent years, adding variable-speed discs, ergonomic handles, and plunging capabilities, so we wanted to test the best models to see how they perform. We've picked some of today's best-selling options and tested them in our woodshop to find out where they perform best and what you can do better. We tested each feature and rated the routers based on their performance.
Although routers are not complicated or difficult to use, the final quality of the project depends on the device itself and the quality of the selected parts. Find out what to look for when choosing the best wood router for your project needs, and find out where the following models rank in our lineup.
- Best Overall : DeWalt 20V Max XR Compact Cordless Router
- Best Value: Cobalt Wired Router and Router Table
- Best Cable: Metabo HPT 36V Adjustable Speed Wireless Router
- Best Kit: Bosch 1617EVSPK Fixed Base and Plunge Router Kit
- Best Palm Router: Makita RT0701C 1¼ HP Compact Router
- Best Dive Router: Bosch MRP23EVS 02/03 HP Electronic Dive Router
- Best Router: Milwaukee M18 Compact Fuel Router
How we tested the best wood routers
Before deciding which routers to test for practice, we analyzed more than 25 routers in each category, finding the best models based on type, speed, power, ease of use and other unique characteristics of the selected brands. We also noted the size of the lugs on each instrument - the ring is the ring that holds the bat in place. Some routers come with a ¼ inch speaker, while others come with an additional ½ inch speaker. A ¼-inch chuck is best for heavy turning projects, but a ¼-inch chuck is perfect for most DIY turning jobs.
For tests, we chose both fixed routers and routers. The models we tested came with a variety of power supplies and had speeds up to 31,000 rpm. We tested both compact and full-size models to meet different user needs.
Next, we joined pine and oak boards, after which we began to experiment with turning the outer edges of the boards. We also tested the cutters by starting the material in the center (field), carefully setting the cutter or rotating cutter when using the fixed-base model. We use different parts of the router to achieve different design results and have noticed how easy it is to adjust the bit depth and how precise the depth adjustment is.
We noted the brightness of the router's indicator lights, if any, the level of comfort (ie ergonomics) and how well the motor handles dense wood such as oak. When we ranked routers in their rankings, we assigned points based on each heading. If a router performs better in another test, the higher its rating. After testing, we summed and averaged the results to determine the best fit category for each model.
Our top picks
The following routers performed well in our hands-on tests and earned their place in this lineup. We tested several routers for different needs, including basic models for general edge shaping, options that cut through the middle of wood, and a couple that come with tables for added stability. Whether consumers are looking for a wired model for the store or a portable battery-powered router, they're sure to find a great solution here.
Photo: homedepot.com
We didn't settle on a compact model for our overall pick, but the DeWalt 20V Max XR Compact Brushless Cordless Router packs a punch - there are full-sized models when it comes to power. and accuracy.
We're familiar with DeWalt's high-quality power tools, so we weren't surprised by the high performance of this cordless router. It is equipped with a 20V MAX 3 Amp-Hour (Ah) Li-Ion battery that powers the motor up to 25,500 rpm. A dial on the top of the motor adjusts the speed, and we found it easy to reach with your thumb without turning the unit around on your head. The DeWalt can be held with two hands, but is compact enough to operate with one hand. In such situations, the board should be held with the other hand while riding.
We liked the soft start technology, which started spinning smoothly without moving the device. It also uses continuous feedback to control the speed of the part and adapt it to the density of the wood. We sawed pine and hardwood (oak) boards and found smooth profiles on both. We also tried the DeWalt in the middle of our equipment; This required the tip of the device, but the clear base gave us more visibility, so the results were good.
The DeWalt router has the ability to make small adjustments to bit depth, which is essential for accurate design. This fine-tuning capability separates an average router from a great one. The device also has a guide light, bright enough to clearly illuminate the moving material. The only drawback and personal preference is the lack of a half-inch box. The collar on this DeWalt router is only ¼ inch, making it better suited for turning curves and details on smaller projects than commercial ones.
Read our full review : DeWalt 20V Max XR Compact Cordless Router
Product information
- Type: Fixed base
- Speed: up to 25,500 per minute
- Collar Size: ¼ inch
ADVANTAGES
- The soft launch technology allows the bit to gradually unlock the device.
- Compact enough for one-handed operation, yet capable of sharpening hard or soft wood at high speed.
- The speed control is easily accessible with your thumb without leaving the device
- A bright guide light illuminates the work area
ANTI
- This compact router comes with a ¼ inch chuck, making it ideal for small projects and detail cutting.
Find a DeWalt wood router at Home Depot (with battery and charger), Amazon, Lowe's, or Ace Hardware.
Photo: lowes.com
This Cobalt router can handle many tasks without spending a lot of money. It has a 12 amp motor that spins up to 25,000 rpm depending on the density of the wood, although the speed is not adjustable. The body of the router with a fixed base is equipped with two ergonomic handles that provide maximum stability for hands-free operation. We've always liked being able to plug into the (added) routing table, which gave us more control.
When connected to a desk, power is controlled by a large red/yellow button on the front of the panel - no need to crawl under the desk and scream to turn on the router itself. This is a great feature and the instructions for installing it come with a table assembly guide. They gathered the table in 10 minutes.
We sanded the edges of soft pine and solid oak, and the Corded Cobalt cord worked great when used freehand and attached to the router table. When we installed the router, we had trouble starting the cut in the center of our object, mostly because the base of the router was blocking the view of the drill bit. (Advice required when starting a router with a fixed base in the middle of installation.)
For some, the lack of adjustable speed may be a little disappointing, but with practice and a light touch, we found we could adjust the bolt pressure on the wood and still maintain a high degree of control.
Product information
- Type: Fixed base
- Speed: up to 25,000 per minute
- Collar Size: ¼ inch and ½ inch
ADVANTAGES
- The 12-amp motor develops a speed of 25,000 rpm, which allows you to saw softwoods and hardwoods with ease.
- The router comes complete with an included router table that allows users to choose stand-alone or stationary (desktop) operation.
- The router has a ¼ and ½ inch shank, making it useful for turning jobs of all sizes.
ANTI
- There is no way to adjust the speed on this router - it runs at high speed all the time
Buy a Cobalt Wood Turk from Lowe's.
Photo: lowes.com
Here are the strong players! The Metabo Plunge Router's 36-volt motor provides a spin speed of up to 25,000 rpm – the same as many full-size cordless models. It also has a speed control that allows us to reduce the speed as needed during testing.
It's a sunken router, so we used it to start routing through the centers of our circuit boards. The open center base design allowed us to really see and adjust the room before the ride. The Metabo comes with two ergonomic handles and has a power button at the top of one handle, making it easy to start and stop. It comes with adjustable bit depth and is powered by a rechargeable Li-ion battery (included).
The immersive action is smooth and it was easy for us to fit the rotating part into the wood and then cut out the detailed designs. We also tested the performance of Metabon's external lathe machines: while we were able to create more uniform edge profiles, we got the best results with the flush line.
Metabo easily cuts pine and oak boards. If we could change one thing, we would choose a brighter LED guide light, because seeing the material clearly while moving is one of the keys to professional design.
Product information
- Genre: Diving
- Speed: up to 25,000 per minute
- Collar Size: ¼ inch and ½ inch
ADVANTAGES
- The powerful 36-volt motor develops speeds of up to 25,000 rpm.
- Both handles are ergonomic, and the power button is located on the right side of the handle for ease of use.
- The rechargeable lithium-ion battery makes this device portable and versatile – no electrical cables.
- The scheduling action allows you to actually move the row into the subject field.
ANTI
- The guiding light is on the dark side
Find a Metabo wood router at Lowe's or Acme Tools.
Photo: amazon.com
The Bosch Router Power Tool Kit offers endless possibilities. This router kit comes with a compact router compatible power outlet, a fixed base and a desktop table. The router itself has a 12 amp motor with speed control up to 25,000 rpm.
Switching from the fixed base box to the hack box was easy, taking about 3 minutes to swap, and both bases come with precise bit depth settings. Using the plunge stand to test cuts in the field, we found it easy to smooth the tail and effortlessly lower the cutter for precise cuts.
With the box and fixed base included, we tested the Bosch router for manual and table cutting. It worked great on both, the cross patterns were smooth and accurate. The table is strong and durable, but it took about 30 minutes to assemble. After assembly, however, it only took a few minutes to secure the router under the board. When we switched from pine to oak, the constant speed feature gave the chisel more power. We hear the power increase to spin the chisel at our chosen speed.
This kit is more expensive, but it's a great option for woodworkers who work on a variety of projects and need a router and stationary router.
Product information
- Gender: jumpsuit
- Speed: up to 25,000 per minute
- Collar Size: ¼ inch and ½ inch
ADVANTAGES
- Card base, stationary base and desktop functionality make this router suitable for a wide range of routing tasks.
- A powerful 12 amp mains motor automatically increases and decreases power to maintain a steady flow
- The router table has an adjustable guide rail that helps users aim their routers for consistent results.
ANTI
- This is a wired model, so the user has limited access to an electrical outlet.
- The milling table takes about 30 minutes to assemble and the instructions are not as clear as they could be.
Find the Bosch 1617EVSPK Wood Router at Amazon or Home Depot.
Photo: amazon.com
We're big fans of Makita's high-quality power tools, and this compact router doesn't disappoint. We tested this router with a fixed base, but buyers can opt for a kit with a removable base plate.
Some lightweight Palm routers aren't big enough to provide more stability, so you'll want to start. This wasn't a problem with the Makita router, which weighs less than 4 pounds, providing confident start-up and ease of control. The base is easily removed from the motor to change the cutter - an important feature of pocket cutters that makes changing the cutter easier.
Makita's compact 6.5 amp motor speeds up to 30,000 rpm when the tool is turned on. On the other hand, it's one of the fastest speeds among the routers we've tested, but keep in mind that this router is primarily intended for workshop use - it's not meant for heavy commercial routes. Tried on pine and oak, but noticed a slight lag on oak. However, there is a simple solution: ease up on the pressure and plan to make two or three more passes when turning hardwood. Using this method, we were able to find detailed patterns.
The only major drawback was using the Makita to start cutting in the field. The base plate is not designed for light sawing of wood, so Makita offers a base plate that can be purchased separately. This little router comes with a ¼ inch speaker.
Product information
- Type: Fixed base
- Speed: up to 30,000 per minute
- Collar Size: ¼ inch
ADVANTAGES
- It's a wired model, so you don't need to charge the batteries for it to work.
- The lightweight and portable design makes it easy to move the device for long periods of time.
- The slow start technology prevents the router from skipping work when the power is turned on.
ANTI
- Limited visibility with a fixed base makes it difficult to start mowing in the field.
- This model does not come with a ½ inch cover.
Find a Makita wood router on Amazon or Rockler (board base included).
Photo: amazon.com
When we opened the Bosch 2.3 HP Plunger, the first thing we noticed was its weight. These 12.6 pounds showed more stability during surgery. We also have extra weight to reduce vibration.
The router is equipped with a 15 amp motor with adjustable speed up to 25,000 rpm and has constant feedback, so the motor produces more power as we go through thicker wood. The speed dial is located on the top of the router, which is a bit awkward as we had to loosen one of the knobs to adjust it. It would be nice if they moved closer to the knobs where they could be adjusted with the thumb without leaving your hand on the device.
The trigger is comfortable and easy to start and stop with one firm pull. Additionally, this dive router has soft start technology and we appreciated being able to turn it on without making router noise, which is a problem with some routers.
One of our favorite features of this router is the precise depth adjustment of the chisel, which allows for micro-level depth adjustments and an easy-to-see depth stop. In addition to accurate routing in the center of the field, we tested the Bosch on peripheral routers, and the open-base design and bright guiding light allowed it to control the device and deliver smooth and fluid results.
Product information
- Genre: Diving
- Speed: up to 25,000 per minute
- Collar Size: ¼ inch and ½ inch
ADVANTAGES
- A powerful 15-amp motor provides enough speed to handle even thick wood.
- A trigger on the handle allows the user to position the router before turning on the bit.
- Soft start technology allows the chisel to start rotating slowly and increase speed, reducing the risk of missing the tool.
- A bright guide light illuminates the material for a precise line
ANTI
- The speed control switch is located at the top of the router, so the user must release one of the handles to change the number.
- This is a wired router, so it should be used in a power distribution environment.
Find the Bosch MRP23EVS Wood Router at Amazon, Home Depot, or Lowe's.
Photo: homedepot.com
The compact Milwaukee Trim Router wireless router can be used anywhere—it doesn't need to be plugged into the carpentry shop or on the construction site, as buyers should know, but they should know that the router comes with a rechargeable M18 lithium-ion battery. ĐĐ°ŃŃднОгО ŃŃŃŃОКŃŃва ноŃ. ĐŃĐž но ĐąŃĐ´ĐľŃ ĐżŃОйНоПОК Đ´ĐťŃ ŃĐľŃ , Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž ĐľŃŃŃ Đ´ŃŃгОК Milwaukee M18, пОŃкОНŃĐşŃ Đ°ĐşĐşŃĐźŃĐťŃŃĐžŃ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž СаŃŃМаŃŃ Ń ĐżĐžĐźĐžŃŃŃ ĐťŃйОгО иС ŃŃĐ¸Ń ĐˇĐ°ŃŃĐ´Đ˝ŃŃ ŃŃŃŃОКŃŃв, нО вŃоП, Ń ĐşĐžĐłĐž Đ˝ĐľŃ ĐˇĐ°ŃŃднОгО ŃŃŃŃОКŃŃва, Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐźĐž ĐąŃĐ´ĐľŃ ĐżŃиОйŃĐľŃŃи огО ĐžŃдоНŃнО.
ĐŃ ĐżŃĐžŃĐľŃŃиŃОваНи ŃŃĐžŃ ĐźĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃ Ń ŃикŃиŃОваннОК йаСОК как на ĐşŃĐ°ŃŃ ĐżĐťĐ¸Ńки, ŃĐ°Đş и в пОНовŃŃ ŃŃНОвиŃŃ . ĐĐ°Đş и в ŃĐťŃŃĐ°Đľ ŃĐž вŃоПи ПОдоНŃПи Ń ŃикŃиŃОваннŃĐź ĐžŃнОваниоП, наП ĐżŃĐ¸Ń ĐžĐ´Đ¸ĐťĐžŃŃ Đ˝Đ°ĐşĐťĐžĐ˝ŃŃŃŃŃ, ŃŃĐžĐąŃ Đ˝Đ°ŃĐ°ŃŃ ĐşĐžŃиŃŃ Đ˛ пОНо, нО ĐżŃОСŃĐ°ŃнОо Đ°ĐşŃиНОвОо кОНŃŃĐž на вноŃноП ĐşŃĐ°Đľ ĐžŃĐ˝ĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń Đ¸ кОнŃŃŃŃĐşŃĐ¸Ń Ń ĐžŃĐşŃŃŃŃĐź ĐžŃнОваниоП ОйоŃпоŃиваНи дОпОНниŃоНŃĐ˝ŃŃ Đ˛Đ¸Đ´Đ¸ĐźĐžŃŃŃ Đ¸ кОПŃĐžŃŃ. ĐŃОПо ŃОгО, Он ĐžŃнаŃон ПОŃĐ˝ŃĐź ŃвоŃОдиОднŃĐź напŃавНŃŃŃиП ŃвоŃОП.
РогŃНиŃОвка гНŃĐąĐ¸Đ˝Ń ŃĐžŃна и оо НогкО иСПониŃŃ, нО ĐźŃ ĐžĐąĐ˝Đ°ŃŃМиНи, ŃŃĐž ĐżŃНоŃйОŃник йОНоо ĐżŃОйНоПаŃиŃон, ŃоП дОНМон ĐąŃĐť ĐąŃŃŃ. ЧŃĐžĐąŃ ĐľĐłĐž пОдкНŃŃиŃŃ, ĐżŃидоŃŃŃ ŃаСОйŃĐ°ŃŃ ĐžŃнОванио и ŃнОва ŃОйŃĐ°ŃŃ ĐľĐłĐž Ń Đ˛ĐžŃĐžŃаПи. ĐŃ ĐżĐžĐ´ĐşĐťŃŃиНи огО Đş какОПŃ-ŃĐž вНаМнОПŃ/ŃŃŃ ĐžĐźŃ ĐżŃНоŃĐžŃŃ, нО но СаПоŃиНи, ŃŃĐž ŃŃĐž ŃПонŃŃиНО кОНиŃĐľŃŃвО ĐżŃНи, вŃŃ ĐžĐ´ŃŃоК иС ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃĐ°. ĐднакО йОНŃŃĐ°Ń ŃĐ°ŃŃŃ ĐżŃНи ŃŃокНа пОд ŃŃŃŃОКŃŃвО.
ĐŃĐžŃ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐ°ĐşŃĐ˝ŃĐš Milwaukee ĐżŃĐľĐ´ĐťĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐľŃ 31 000 ОйОŃĐžŃОв в ПинŃŃŃ Đ¸ ĐžŃнаŃон ŃпидОПоŃŃОП. ĐОНоо вŃŃОкио ОйОŃĐžŃŃ ĐžĐąĐľŃпоŃиваŃŃ ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ гНадкио ĐşŃОПки, ŃŃойŃŃŃио ПонŃŃогО кОНиŃĐľŃŃва ОйŃоСки. ĐднакО ŃŃĐžŃ ŃŃĐľĐˇĐľŃ ĐżĐžŃŃавНŃĐľŃŃŃ ŃОНŃкО Ń ¼-Đ´ŃКПОвŃĐź паŃŃОнОП Đ´ĐťŃ ĐźĐľĐťĐşĐ¸Ń Đ´ĐľŃаНоК, пОŃŃĐžĐźŃ ĐžĐ˝ ĐťŃŃŃĐľ вŃогО ĐżĐžĐ´Ń ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń Đ´ĐťŃ ĐťĐľĐłĐşĐ¸Ń ŃайОŃ, ŃĐ°ĐşĐ¸Ń ĐşĐ°Đş ОйŃĐ°Ńиванио ĐşŃаов ŃаСдоНОŃĐ˝ŃŃ Đ´ĐžŃОк.
ĐĐ˝ŃĐžŃПаŃĐ¸Ń Đž ĐżŃОдŃĐşŃĐľ
- Тип: ФикŃиŃĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń ĐąĐ°ĐˇĐ°
- ХкОŃĐžŃŃŃ: Đ´Đž 31 000 в ПинŃŃŃ
- Đ Đ°ĐˇĐźĐľŃ Đ˛ĐžŃĐžŃника: ¼ Đ´ŃКПа
ĐĐ ĐĐĐĐŁĐŠĐХТĐĐ
- ĐŃŃĐžĐşĐ°Ń ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃ ŃĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°ĐľŃ ŃОвнŃĐľ ĐşŃĐ°Ń, ŃŃойŃŃŃио ПиниПаНŃнОК ŃоСки
- ĐĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃ Đ´ĐžŃŃĐ°ŃĐžŃнО Ń ĐžŃĐžŃ Đ´ĐťŃ Đ¸ŃпОНŃĐˇĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń ĐžĐ´Đ˝ĐžĐš ŃŃкОК
- ĐОНŃСОваŃоНи ПОгŃŃ ŃĐžŃнО наŃŃŃОиŃŃ ĐąĐ¸ŃОвŃŃ ĐłĐťŃĐąĐ¸Đ˝Ń Đ´ĐťŃ ĐžŃĐľĐ˝Ń ŃĐžŃнОК ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃии.
ĐĐТĐ
- ĐаМо ĐżŃи пОдкНŃŃонии Đş ĐźĐ°ĐłĐ°ĐˇĐ¸Đ˝Đ˝ĐžĐźŃ ĐżŃНоŃĐžŃŃ ĐżŃНоŃйОŃник ŃĐ´Đ°ĐťŃĐť йОНŃŃŃŃ ŃĐ°ŃŃŃ ĐżŃНи пОд ŃĐžŃŃĐľŃОП.
- ĐŃĐž ŃŃŃŃОКŃŃвО но пОŃŃавНŃĐľŃŃŃ Ń ĐˇĐ°ŃŃĐ´Đ˝ŃĐź ŃŃŃŃОКŃŃвОП.
ĐаКдиŃĐľ ŃŃĐľĐˇĐľŃ ĐżĐž Đ´ĐľŃĐľĐ˛Ń Milwaukee в Home Depot иНи Milwaukee (ŃОНŃкО инŃŃŃŃПонŃŃ).
ĐĐ¸Đ´Ń ŃŃоСоŃОв пО Đ´ĐľŃовŃ
ĐŃди, иŃŃŃио нОвŃĐš ŃŃĐľĐˇĐľŃ Đ´ĐťŃ Đ´ĐľŃовООйŃайаŃŃваŃŃĐ¸Ń ĐżŃОокŃОв, СаПоŃиНи ŃиŃОкиК вŃĐąĐžŃ ŃŃиНоК. ĐĐ°ŃŃĐľŃĐ°-ŃаПОŃŃки ПОгŃŃ Đ˛ŃйиŃĐ°ŃŃ ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń ĐźĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃОП Ń ŃикŃиŃОваннОК йаСОК иНи вŃŃавнŃĐź ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃОП, Đ° ŃакМо Đ´ĐžŃŃŃĐżĐ˝Ń Đ˝ĐľĐşĐžŃĐžŃŃĐľ кОПйиниŃОваннŃĐľ кОПпНокŃŃ (Ń ĐžĐąĐžĐ¸ĐźĐ¸ ваŃианŃаПи). ĐнаКŃĐľ ĐżŃоиПŃŃĐľŃŃва и нодОŃŃĐ°Ńки каМдОгО Ńипа, ŃŃĐžĐąŃ Đ˛ŃĐąŃĐ°ŃŃ ĐťŃŃŃиК.
ФикŃиŃĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń ĐąĐ°ĐˇĐ°
ĐĄŃĐ°ŃиОнаŃĐ˝ŃĐľ ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃŃ — ŃĐ°ĐźŃĐľ ĐżŃĐžŃŃŃĐľ ПОдоНи. Đни иПоŃŃ ĐżŃĐžŃĐ˝ŃĐš вноŃниК кОŃĐżŃŃ, нО пОНŃСОваŃоНи ПОгŃŃ ŃогŃНиŃОваŃŃ ĐłĐťŃĐąĐ¸Đ˝Ń ŃŃоСоŃĐžĐ˛Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń Đ´ĐťŃ ŃĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń ŃаСНиŃĐ˝ŃŃ Đ˛Đ°ŃианŃОв диСаКна. ĐŃ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃĐľ ĐžŃŃогŃНиŃОваŃŃ ĐłĐťŃĐąĐ¸Đ˝Ń ŃвоŃНониŃ, ĐžŃНайив кОНŃŃĐž и пОвоŃĐ˝Ńв ŃиŃĐľŃйНаŃ. ĐĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃ Ń ŃикŃиŃОваннŃĐź ĐžŃнОваниоП НогкО иŃпОНŃСОваŃŃ Đ˝Đ° Đ´ĐžŃко иНи ŃŃОНо, нО ŃаСПоŃŃиŃŃ ĐľĐłĐž в ŃонŃŃĐľ кОПнаŃŃ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ ĐąŃŃŃ ŃНОМнО. ĐŃĐž ŃвŃСанО Ń ŃоП, ŃŃĐž ĐąĐ¸Ń ĐźĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃĐ° ĐżŃĐžŃ ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń ĐżĐžĐ´ ПаŃĐľŃинŃкОК пНаŃОК, и пОНŃСОваŃĐľĐťŃ Đ´ĐžĐťĐśĐľĐ˝ ĐžŃŃĐžŃОМнО ŃŃĐžŃŃŃ ŃŃдОП Ń ĐźĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃОП, кОгда ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃ ŃайОŃĐ°ĐľŃ - ŃŃĐž ŃвоНиŃĐ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ ŃиŃĐş ŃОгО, ŃŃĐž ŃкаСаŃĐľĐťŃ ĐąŃĐ´ĐľŃ Đ˝ĐľĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐž ŃПоŃон.
ĐżŃŃгнŃŃŃ
ĐОгŃŃМнŃĐľ ŃŃоСоŃŃ Đ¸ĐźĐľŃŃ ĐżĐžĐ´ĐżŃŃМиноннОо ĐžŃнОванио, кОŃĐžŃОо пОСвОНŃĐľŃ ĐżĐžĐťŃСОваŃоНŃĐź ОпŃŃкаŃŃ Đ˛ŃĐ°ŃĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃŃ ŃŃĐľĐˇŃ Đ˝Đ° ŃайОŃŃŃ ĐˇĐžĐ˝Ń, но ĐˇĐ°ĐśĐ¸ĐźĐ°Ń ŃŃĐľĐˇĐľŃ ŃйОкŃ. ĐĐ°Đş и ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃŃ Ń ŃикŃиŃОваннОК йаСОК, пОдкНŃŃаоПŃĐľ ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃŃ ĐżĐžŃŃавНŃŃŃŃŃ Ń ĐżĐžĐ´ŃОйнŃПи наŃŃŃОКкаПи, кОŃĐžŃŃĐľ пОСвОНŃŃŃ ĐżĐžĐťŃСОваŃĐľĐťŃ Đ˛ŃĐąŃĐ°ŃŃ ĐśĐľĐťĐ°ĐľĐźŃĐš ŃĐťŃС ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃĐ°. ĐОгŃŃМнŃĐľ ŃŃоСоŃŃ ĐżŃодпОŃŃиŃоНŃĐ˝Ń Đ´ĐťŃ Đ˛ŃŃĐľĐˇĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń Đ´ĐľŃаНоК пО ŃонŃŃŃ Đ´ĐžŃки, нО Они ŃакМо ĐżĐžĐ´Ń ĐžĐ´ŃŃ Đ´ĐťŃ ĐşĐžĐ˝ŃŃŃĐ˝ŃŃ ĐşŃаов, ŃŃĐž Đ´ĐľĐťĐ°ĐľŃ Đ¸Ń ŃнивоŃŃĐ°ĐťŃĐ˝ŃПи Đ´ĐťŃ ĐžĐąĐžĐ¸Ń Đ´Đ¸ĐˇĐ°ĐšĐ˝ĐľŃŃĐşĐ¸Ń Đ˛ŃŃоСОв.
кОПйинаŃиŃ
РкаŃĐľŃŃво Đ°ĐťŃŃĐľŃнаŃĐ¸Đ˛Ń Đ´ĐžŃŃŃĐżĐ˝Ń ĐżĐ°ĐşĐľŃŃ ĐźĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃОв, кОŃĐžŃŃĐľ пОСвОНŃŃŃ ĐżĐžĐťŃСОваŃĐľĐťŃ ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐľĐ˝ŃŃŃ Đ˛Đ˝ĐľŃнио йНОки, ОйоŃпоŃĐ¸Đ˛Đ°Ń ŃикŃиŃОваннŃŃ ĐąĐ°ĐˇŃ Đ¸ вОСПОМнОŃŃи пОŃОкОвОК поŃодаŃи в ОднОП кОПпНокŃĐľ. ĐĽĐžŃŃ ŃŃи кОПйиниŃОваннŃĐľ кОПпНокŃŃ ŃнивоŃŃĐ°ĐťŃĐ˝Ń Đ¸ ŃдОйнŃ, Они ПОгŃŃ ĐąŃŃŃ Đ´ĐžŃОМо, ŃоП Один ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃ. ĐОНŃСОваŃоНŃĐź но Đ˝ŃМнО Ń ŃаниŃŃ Đ´Đ˛Đ° ŃаСнŃŃ ĐźĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃĐ°, нО ŃĐ°ŃŃĐ°Ń ŃПона ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃОв ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐľĐ´ĐťĐ¸ŃŃ ŃайОŃиК ĐżŃĐžŃĐľŃŃ.
ĐĐ° ŃŃĐž ОйŃĐ°ŃиŃŃ Đ˛Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Đľ ĐżŃи вŃйОŃĐľ ŃŃоСоŃĐ° пО Đ´ĐľŃовŃ?
ĐОПиПО ŃаСНиŃĐ˝ŃŃ ŃŃиНоК ŃŃоСоŃОв, пОŃŃойиŃоНи Ń ĐžŃŃŃ ŃŃиŃŃваŃŃ ĐľŃĐľ ноŃкОНŃкО ŃĐ°ĐşŃĐžŃОв ĐżŃи пОиŃко ĐťŃŃŃогО ŃŃоСоŃĐ° пО Đ´ĐľŃĐľĐ˛Ń Đ´ĐťŃ ŃĐ˛ĐžĐ¸Ń Đ˝ŃМд — ŃĐľŃ Đ˝Đ¸ŃĐľŃкио Ń Đ°ŃĐ°ĐşŃĐľŃиŃŃики, ОйŃŃŃ ĐźĐžŃнОŃŃŃ Đ¸ ŃпоŃиаНŃĐ˝ŃĐľ ŃŃнкŃии. ĐокОŃĐžŃŃĐľ иС ŃŃĐ¸Ń ĐżŃнкŃОв ПОгŃŃ ĐąŃŃŃ ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ваМнŃПи, ŃоП Đ´ŃŃгио. ĐĐžŃŃĐžĐźŃ ĐżŃи вŃйОŃĐľ ŃĐžŃŃĐľŃĐ° Đ˝ŃМнО ŃŃиŃŃваŃŃ ĐżĐťĐ°Đ˝Đ¸ŃŃоПŃĐľ ĐżŃОокŃŃ.
ĐżŃодпОНагаоПОо иŃпОНŃСОванио
ŕŚ্ড্য রাŕŚ্র্র্র্র স্ত্যান মান্যায়্যান্যান্যান্যান্যান্যান্যানানানান্যানান মান্যায়্যান্যান্যান্যান্যান্যান্যানানানান্যানান. ĐŃНи Đ˛Ń Đ¸ŃĐľŃĐľ Ń ĐžŃĐžŃиК ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃ ĐžĐąŃогО наСнаŃониŃ, ваП ŃНодŃĐľŃ ĐżŃидоŃМиваŃŃŃŃ ĐźĐžĐ´ĐľĐťĐ¸ Ń ŃикŃиŃОваннОК йаСОК. ĐŃи ŃĐ°ĐąĐťĐžĐ˝Ń ĐťĐľĐłĐşĐž наŃŃŃОиŃŃ, и пОНŃСОваŃоНи ПОгŃŃ ŃОСдаваŃŃ ŃŃĐ°ŃĐ°ŃĐľŃŃ (ŃайНОнŃ), кОŃĐžŃŃĐľ ŃОСдаŃŃ ĐżĐžŃ ĐžĐśĐ¸Đľ и пОвŃĐžŃŃŃŃиоŃŃ ŃСОŃŃ. ĐĐťŃ ĐąĐžĐťŃŃоК ŃŃŃОКŃивОŃŃи на ŃŃОНо ПОМнО иŃпОНŃСОваŃŃ ŃикŃиŃОваннŃĐš йаСОвŃĐš ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃ. ĐŃнОвнОо ĐżŃиПононио ŃŃĐ°ŃиОнаŃнОгО ŃŃоСоŃĐ° — ОйŃоСаŃŃ ĐşŃĐžĐźĐşŃ (наСŃваоПŃŃ «ĐżŃĐžŃиНоП») на Đ´ĐžŃĐşĐ°Ń Đ¸ ŃŃĐžĐťĐ°Ń .
ĐОНŃСОваŃоНŃĐź, кОŃĐžŃŃĐľ Ń ĐžŃŃŃ Đ´ĐľĐťĐ°ŃŃ Đ˛ŃоСнŃĐľ и ŃипОвŃĐľ (пОпоŃĐľŃĐ˝ŃĐľ) ŃОодинониŃ, Đ˝ŃМон ŃŃоСоŃ, ŃŃĐžĐąŃ ĐąŃŃŃ ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ŃĐžŃĐ˝ŃĐź ĐżŃи вŃпОНнонии ĐżŃОПоМŃŃĐžŃĐ˝ŃŃ ĐżŃОпиНОв. ĐодОŃŃĐ°ŃкОП ŃвНŃĐľŃŃŃ ŃĐž, ŃŃĐž Он но ŃОвПоŃŃиП Ń ĐźĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃаПи.
ŃноŃĐłĐ¸Ń ĐťĐžŃади
ĐŃĐž ĐżĐžĐźĐžĐłĐ°ĐľŃ ŃСнаŃŃ, как ŃŃĐľĐˇĐľŃ Ń ĐźĐžŃнОŃŃŃŃ ĐąĐžĐťŃŃОгО ŃŃоСоŃĐ° ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ ĐžĐąŃайаŃŃваŃŃ ŃОНŃŃŃĐľ ŃвоŃĐ´ŃĐľ пОŃĐžĐ´Ń Đ´ĐľŃова, Ńакио как ŃŃĐľĐ˝Ń Đ¸ĐťĐ¸ Đ´ŃĐą. ĐОНŃСОваŃоНи ПОгŃŃ Đ˛ŃпОНнŃŃŃ Đ˝ĐľŃкОНŃкО ĐżŃĐžŃ ĐžĐ´ĐžĐ˛ на ĐťŃйОП ŃŃоСоŃнОП ŃŃанко — каМдŃĐš ĐżŃĐžŃ ĐžĐ´Đ¸Ń ĐżĐž нойОНŃŃĐžĐźŃ ĐżŃĐžŃ ĐžĐ´Ń ĐˇĐ° ŃаС — ПОŃĐ˝ŃĐš ŃŃоСоŃĐ˝ŃĐš ŃŃанОк ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ ĐżŃОКŃи воŃŃ ĐżŃĐžĐľĐşŃ ĐˇĐ° Один ĐżŃĐžŃ ĐžĐ´. ĐОгда ваМнО ŃОСдаваŃŃ ĐźĐžŃĐ˝ŃĐľ кОнŃŃŃŃĐşŃии ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃОв, ПОМнО вŃпОНнŃŃŃ ŃайОŃŃ ĐąŃŃŃŃĐž, нО ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃ ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ ŃĐžŃна, ŃоП ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃ.
ĐОНŃŃинŃŃвО Đ´ĐľŃовŃннŃŃ ĐźĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃОв ŃĐ°ŃŃŃиŃĐ°Đ˝Ń Đ˝Đ° ПОŃнОŃŃŃ ĐžŃ 1,25 Đ´Đž 1,75 НОŃадинŃŃ ŃиН, Đ° нокОŃĐžŃŃĐľ воŃŃии Ń ĐžŃ-ŃОдОв иПоŃŃ ĐźĐžŃнОŃŃŃ ĐąĐžĐťĐľĐľ 2 НОŃадинŃŃ ŃиН. РйОНŃŃинŃŃво ŃĐťŃŃаов ниМниК диапаСОн ŃайОŃĐ°ĐľŃ Ń ĐžŃĐžŃĐž, нО ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃŃ HP 2 ĐąŃŃŃŃĐž ŃĐżŃавНŃŃŃŃŃ Ń ĐżĐťĐžŃĐ˝ŃПи ПаŃĐľŃиаНаПи, ŃакиПи как ŃвоŃĐ´Đ°Ń Đ´ŃовоŃина иНи ŃŃОНоŃниŃŃ Đ¸Đˇ пНаŃŃика.
ĐĐťŃ Đ¸ĐłŃОвОК ПОдоНи ПОŃнОŃŃŃ ŃĐ°ĐşĐ°Ń ĐśĐľ, как Ń Đ°ĐşĐşŃĐźŃĐťŃŃĐžŃĐ°. ХОвŃоПоннŃĐľ поŃоСаŃŃМаоПŃĐľ НиŃиК-иОннŃĐľ йаŃĐ°Ńои ŃĐ°ŃŃŃиŃĐ°Đ˝Ń Đ˝Đ° аПпоŃ-ŃĐ°ŃŃ Đ¸ иПоŃŃ ĐľĐźĐşĐžŃŃŃ ĐžŃ 1,5 Đ´Đž 6 ĐŃ. ЧоП йОНŃŃĐľ аПпоŃ-ŃĐ°ŃОв, ŃоП йОНŃŃĐľ ПОŃнОŃŃŃ Ń Đ°ĐşĐşŃĐźŃĐťŃŃĐžŃĐ°. ĐĐťŃ ĐąĐžĐťŃŃинŃŃва йоŃĐżŃОвОднŃŃ ĐźĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃОв Đ´ĐžŃŃĐ°ŃĐžŃнО 3-5 ŃĐ°ŃОв авŃОнОПнОК ŃайОŃŃ.
поŃĐľĐźĐľĐ˝Đ˝Đ°Ń ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃ
ĐдниП иС ŃĐ°ĐźŃŃ ŃНОМнŃŃ ŃŃНОвиК Đ´ĐťŃ ŃĐžĐˇĐ´Đ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń Đ¸Đ´ĐľĐ°ĐťŃĐ˝ŃŃ ĐżŃĐžŃиНоК ĐşŃОПОк ŃвНŃĐľŃŃŃ Đ˛ŃĐąĐžŃ ĐżŃавиНŃнОК ŃкОŃĐžŃŃи Đ´ĐťŃ ĐąŃŃŃŃОгО вŃĐżĐžĐťĐ˝ĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń ŃайОŃŃ. ĐĐžŃки (даМо ĐźĐľĐśĐ´Ń ĐžĐ´Đ˝Đ¸ĐźĐ¸ и ŃоПи Мо видаПи) но ŃиНŃнО ŃаСНиŃĐ°ŃŃŃŃ. ĐоНО в ОпŃŃĐľ и Ń ĐžŃĐžŃоП кОнŃĐ°ĐşŃĐľ.
ĐĽĐžŃĐžŃоК нОвОŃŃŃŃ ŃвНŃĐľŃŃŃ ŃĐž, ŃŃĐž ŃŃĐľĐˇĐľŃ Ń ĐżĐľŃоПоннОК ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃŃ ĐźĐžĐśĐ˝Đž ŃогŃНиŃОваŃŃ Đ´Đž ŃĐľŃ ĐżĐžŃ, пОка пОНŃСОваŃоНи но наКдŃŃ ĐżŃавиНŃĐ˝ŃŃ ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃ Đ´ĐťŃ ĐžĐżŃодоНоннОгО Ńипа Đ´ŃовоŃинŃ. Ń Đ˝Đ¸Ń ŃĐ°ŃŃĐž ĐľŃŃŃ ĐźĐ°ĐťĐľĐ˝Ńкио ŃиŃĐľŃйНаŃŃ, кОŃĐžŃŃĐľ пОПОгаŃŃ Đ˛Đ°Đź вŃĐąŃĐ°ŃŃ ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃ. ĐŃиŃĐľ ŃĐžŃŃĐľŃ ŃĐž ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃŃ ĐžŃ 9 000 Đ´Đž 20 000 ŃŃйНоК в ŃĐ°Ń.
ĐокОŃĐžŃŃĐľ ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃŃ Đ¸ĐźĐľŃŃ Đ´Đ°ŃŃики пОŃŃĐžŃннОК ŃкОŃĐžŃŃи, кОŃĐžŃŃĐľ ĐžŃŃНоМиваŃŃ ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃ Đ˛ŃĐ°ŃĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń Đ´ĐžĐťĐžŃĐ° и ŃООŃвоŃŃŃвŃŃŃиП ОйŃаСОП ŃогŃНиŃŃŃŃ ĐľĐľ Đ´ĐťŃ ĐżĐžĐ´Đ´ĐľŃĐśĐ°Đ˝Đ¸Ń ĐżŃавиНŃнОК ŃкОŃĐžŃŃи. ĐĐ°ĐżŃиПоŃ, ĐľŃНи пНОŃники СапŃŃкаŃŃ ŃŃĐľĐˇĐľŃ Đ˝Đ° ŃкОŃĐžŃŃи 10 000 Ой/Пин, нО кОгда Они ŃŃаНкиваŃŃŃŃ Ń ĐžŃОйоннО пНОŃĐ˝ŃĐź ŃŃĐ°ŃŃкОП Đ´ŃовоŃинŃ, ŃŃĐľĐˇĐľŃ ĐˇĐ°ĐźĐľĐ´ĐťŃĐľŃ ŃайОŃŃ Đ¸ ĐźĐžĐśĐľŃ ĐżŃивоŃŃи Đş ĐżŃĐžŃивОŃĐľŃивŃĐź ŃоСŃĐťŃŃĐ°ŃĐ°Đź. ĐŃи пОŃŃĐžŃннОК ŃкОŃĐžŃŃи Đ´Đ°ŃŃика ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃ ŃвоНиŃĐ¸Đ˛Đ°ĐľŃ Đ˛ŃŃ ĐžĐ´Đ˝ŃŃ ĐźĐžŃнОŃŃŃ, ŃŃĐžĐąŃ ĐşĐžĐźĐżĐľĐ˝ŃиŃОваŃŃ ŃвоНиŃонио воŃĐ°, пОŃŃĐžĐźŃ ĐąĐ¸ŃĐ° ĐżŃĐžĐ´ĐžĐťĐśĐ°ĐľŃ Đ˛ŃĐ°ŃĐ°ŃŃŃŃ Ń ŃОК Мо ŃкОŃĐžŃŃŃŃ.
ŃдОйнŃĐš ŃĐľŃ ĐžĐť
ĐĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃŃ ŃвНŃŃŃŃŃ ĐźĐžŃĐ˝ŃПи ŃŃŃŃОКŃŃваПи, и пОНŃСОваŃоНŃĐź Đ˝ĐľĐžĐąŃ ĐžĐ´Đ¸Đź надоМнŃĐš кОнŃŃĐžĐťŃ Đ˝Đ°Đ´ ниПи, ŃŃĐžĐąŃ ĐžĐąĐľŃпоŃиŃŃ Đ˝Đ°Đ´ĐťĐľĐśĐ°ŃиК кОнŃŃОНŃ. ĐŁĐ´ĐžĐąĐ˝Đ°Ń ŃŃкОŃŃка ĐżĐžĐźĐžĐłĐ°ĐľŃ ĐżĐžĐťŃСОваŃоНŃĐź ŃĐ´ĐľŃМиваŃŃ ĐľĐľ ĐşŃопкО.
ĐĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃŃ Ń ŃикŃиŃОваннОК йаСОК и ПаŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃŃ Đ´Đ¸Đ°ĐżĐ°ĐˇĐžĐ˝Đ° ŃĐ°ŃŃĐž иПоŃŃ Đ´Đ˛Đľ ŃŃŃки Đ´ĐťŃ ĐžĐąĐľŃпоŃĐľĐ˝Đ¸Ń ĐťŃŃŃогО кОнŃŃОНŃ. ஠ம்ராŕŽ்ŕŽு லியுŕŽிŕŽ்ŕŽ்ŕŽு ுமை иНи ŕŽŕŽ¤்தை ŕŽ்ŕŽுŕŽ்ŕŽ்ŕŽு பியுŕŽ்ŕŽ்ŕŽு. ĐокОŃĐžŃŃĐľ ПОдоНи ĐžŃнаŃĐľĐ˝Ń ŃŃŃĐ˝ŃПи вŃкНŃŃĐ°ŃоНŃПи, кОŃĐžŃŃĐľ пОСвОНŃŃŃ ĐťĐľĐłĐşĐž вкНŃŃĐ°ŃŃ Đ¸ вŃкНŃŃĐ°ŃŃ ŃŃŃŃОКŃŃвО, но вŃŃ ĐžĐ´Ń Đ¸Đˇ кОŃĐżŃŃĐ°.
ĐĐ°ŃŃŃŃŃиСаŃĐžŃŃ Palm пОПоŃĐ°ŃŃŃŃ Đ˛ ОднОК ŃŃко, пОŃŃĐžĐźŃ ĐşĐžŃĐżŃŃ ĐżĐž ŃŃŃи ĐżŃодŃŃавНŃĐľŃ ŃОйОК каŃПан. ĐŁ ĐźĐ˝ĐžĐłĐ¸Ń ĐľŃŃŃ ŃоСинОвŃĐľ ŃĐžŃĐźŃ Đ¸ ŃĐžŃĐźŃ, ŃаСŃайОŃаннŃĐľ Đ´ĐťŃ ŃдОйŃŃва.
ĐĄĐąĐžŃ ĐżŃНи
عاŮŘŞŮعس ŘŻŮŮ ŘŻŮŘłŰ ŰسعŰŮŰ. á á¨áá°á ááĽááľ/á¨ááá¨áľ áá°áľ áĽáá á áĽáá¨áśá˝á áĽá áĽá ááľáĽ áááŤá áááŤá áááŤá, áá á áĽá á á°áá áááĽáŤá áááĽáŤá. á¨á á á˝áłáľá ፣ á¨áąá áŤá á¨á á§áŤ á¨á á§áŤ á á°áŁá°áĽ áá á¨ááŤáŤá áá°áĽá°á˘áŤ áá°áĽ áŤáá áááá ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።
á ááłááľ á¨áŤáá°á á á§áŤ áá°áĽá°áĽ áá°áŚá˝ á¨áááš á á°áťá áááł áá°áŤá; ХвŃСаннŃĐľ ŃĐľĐźŃ áĽááá áĽáŤááśá˝ á á§áŤ áá°áĽá°áĽ á áľááá á áááá áľ á¨áĽáá¨áľ áĽáŤ áąáá˝ á áá አáŁáááŤáá˝ áłáá áłáá ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።
ŃĐžŃĐž
áŤáá°á á¨ááá áá áá á á áŤáá°á áŽááľ áá á¨ááá¨áŽá áá áá á˘áľ áŤáá áľá áŚáł ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። á˘áľáľ á áááľ áá°á á áá áá˝ áááŁá፡ ¼ á˘áá˝ áĽá ½ á˘áá˝። áľááš (¼-á˘áá˝) á˘áľ á°á¨á áľáŤáá˝ áĽáá° á áá ááá፠á á á ááľáĽ ááá áá ፠áááá፠áá°áŤá ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ááá áá áľáá ááá˝ á˘áá˝ á˘áľ ááá ááá áĽá áĽá áĽá áĽá á ááŤáŤ áĽáá¨áśá˝á ááá á¨áŁáľ á°á¨á áĽáŠ ááá°áŤ ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።
á ááłááľ á¨ááŹááš á¨ááá áŤáá°áŽá˝ ¼-áŤáá°á áŤáá°á á˘áľá áĽáť á¨ááá á áŽááľ áááŁá ááá áá á áĽááááš áŤáá°áŽá˝ á¨áááąá áá áá˝ á˘áľ á°ááá áááŁá áááŁá ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ።።።።።።።።
á¨áá á¨á áĽáŤááá˝
áľá ááἠáŤáá°áŽá˝ áĽá áá´áá˝ áá´áá˝ áá á áĽáááľ áĽáááľ á ááłá á áááááľ á ááąá ááááąáľ á¨áĽáá¨áľ á°áŤá°á áľáŚáł áááľá áľ ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።።። ።።።።።።።።።።።።። ááá á ááłááľ á ááá áŤáá°áŽá˝ áĽáá°áá አáĽá áĽá áááĄá áĽáá°áááᥠáĽááľ áááŤá¸á áááŤá¸á ።። áľá áĽáá¨áľ áŤáá°áŽá˝ á áŁá á á°á°ááá á¨áá á¨á áĽáŤááá˝ áľáĽáľáĽ áĽá á áá áááśáťá¸á á¨áá á áłá˝ áá¨á°á።
áĽ. á áááá áŤáá°á áĽá á áĽáá¨áľ áŤáá°á ááŤá¨á áŤáá ááŠááľ áááľá áá?
á ááľ áŤáá°á á¨áĽáá¨áľ áŤáá°á áá, áľááá ááá áĽááá°á ááŠááľ á¨áá. ááá፣ á áá-á¤á áŤáá°á áĽá á áááá áŤáá°á ááŤá¨á ááŠááľ á á፡ ᨠplunge áŤáá°á á áľááŞáá á¨á°áŤá áá°á¨áľ áŤáá á˛áá áá á á˘áľ á á°á á áá° á°ááłá ááá áĽáá˛áááą áŤáľá˝áááłá። áá áá ááľá¨á á áá-á¤á áŤáá°á á áŁá á¨áŁáľ áá ፣ ááááŤáąá áŤáá°áŠá áá° áŚáł ááľááŁáľ áľááááá ፣ áá á áľááááááľá ááááľ áá˝áá።
Q. áá ááááľ á¨áĽáá¨áľ áŤáá°á áĽááááá?
áá-á¤á áŤáá°á ááĽá ááŽáááśá˝ áá°áŤá. ááľáĽáľáĽ á¨áá áááááá á¨áá áŠ፣ ááá áá plunge-base áŤáá°á áááá ááá áá°á¨á᪠áľááááááľ áĽá áá¨áááľ áá-á¤á áŤáá°á á¨á á¨á´á áá áá áá።
ἠáá áá á á¨áĽáá¨áľ áŤáá°á ááá¨áŤá?
á ááŽáááą áá á¨á°áá°á¨á° áá. áŁá ¼-á˘áá˝ áŽááľ áŤáá°á ááá-á°á¨á ááááá ááá áĽáŠ áá፣ á¨áŁáľ áľáŤ á°áá ½-á˘áá˝ áŽááľ áŤáľááááá።
áĽ. torque áĽá rpm á áááŞáŤá áá á°á˝áá áŤáłáľáŤá?
á¨áá˝á¨áá¨á ááá (á¨áá˝á¨áá¨á ááá) ᨠrpm á áŁá áŤáá° áá። á¨áĽááľá áŤáá°á áá¤áłá á áá ááááľ áááľáŤáľ ááĽááľ (á°áá) ááááá፣ áĽá á¨ááľá°áŤá¨áá (áĽá ááá á¨áá˝á) ááĽááľ á¨á áá ááá (á¨áá˝á¨áá¨á) á¨á áá á áľááá áá። áĽáá° áĽáááą á¨áá á áŁá áĽá á¨áá˝á¨áá¨á á˝ááł áŤáá¸á áŤáá°áŽá˝ á áŁá á á°áá ááá áá˝áá, áľááá á ááŤážá˝ á áŁá áĽá áá˝á¨áá¨á áŤáá¸áá áá°áŽá˝á á¨áá áá ááľáá¸á á ááľá°á áá.
áŚáĽ áŞá ááá áłáááá ?
áŚáĽ áŞá á¨1979 ááᎠá¨á ááŞáŤ áááľááá áá áááˇá። “áá á áŽá á¤áľ” áĽá “á¨áŚáĽ áŞá á¤áľ áĽáá°áá”á á¨áᎠá¨á°áá°áą áĽá á áľá°áá á¨á´áááĽá á°á¨áłáłáŽá˝ á áľá°ááá áĽáá°ááá áá á á°ááłá ááľá áŤá°á¨á áĽá “áĽáŤáľáá áŤáľáááľ” á¨á¤áľ ááťáťá áá á°ááłáłá ááá።
áŚáĽ áŞá áá áľááľ á ááłáľ á áááá á¨áľáŤ á áááą á áááŽá á¨ááá አá°áá˝ á á¨áá áĽáá˛áááĄ፣ áĽáá˛áŤáľáą፣ áĽáá˛á áá áĽá á á°áťá áááł áĽáá˛áአá¨áľáˇá—áá áŁá á ááŹá áľá¨áľ á áŁáá፠áĽá á°á°áŤá˝ á áá á¨á¤áľ ááá። á¨áŚáĽ áŞá áĄáľá á¨ááá ááááľ áá¨áá áá° á¨ááŽáááľ á áἠáľáá ááá˝፣ á¨áĽáá áááŞáŤáá˝፣ á¨ááłáŞáŤ 101áá˝ áĽá ááá˝áá áŤáááŁá። áĽááá á¨á¤áľ áĽá á¨áᎠá áľáááľ áŁáááŤáá˝ á¨á¤áľ áŁáá¤áśá˝á፣ á°á¨áŤáŽá˝á፣ DIYersá áĽá áŁáááŤáá˝á á á°ááŁáŤá ááááŤá¸á ááľáĽ á¨áá°áá áááśá˝á á áĽáááľ ááá¨ááŤá፣ ááá¨ááŤá áĽá ááááŤá።